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1954 in science

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List of years in science (table)
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The year 1954 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Astronomy

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  • November 30 – In Sylacauga, Alabama, an 8.5 pound sulfide meteorite crashes through a roof and hits Mrs. Elizabeth Hodges in her living room after bouncing off her radio, giving her a bad bruise; the first known modern case of a human being hit by a space rock.

Biology

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Chemistry

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Computer science

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Geology

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History of science

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Mathematics

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Medicine

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Metrology

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Physics

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Psychology

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Technology

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Awards

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Births

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Deaths

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References

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  1. ^ Dement'yev and Rustamov (1985). The Red Data Book of Turkmenistan. Ashgabat: Turkmenistan Publishing House.
  2. ^ Arnon, Daniel I.; Allen, Mary B.; Whatley, F. R. (1954). "Photosynthesis by Isolated Chloroplasts". Nature. 174 (4426): 394–6. Bibcode:1954Natur.174..394A. doi:10.1038/174394a0. PMID 13194001. S2CID 2462316.
  3. ^ Laurence, William L. (December 30, 1954). "Sun is Harnessed to Create Food: Science Team on the Coast Duplicates Photosynthesis Outside Plants' Cells". The New York Times. Retrieved July 18, 2010.
  4. ^ de Waal, Frans B. M., ed. (2002). Tree of Origin: What Primate Behavior Can Tell Us About Human Social Evolution. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. p. 51. ISBN 0-674-00460-4.
  5. ^ Brink, Clara; Hodgkin, Dorothy Crowfoot; Lindsey, June; Pickworth, Jenny; Robertson, John H.; White, John G. (December 25, 1954). "X-ray Crystallographic Evidence on the Structure of Vitamin B12". Nature. 174 (4443): 1169–117. Bibcode:1954Natur.174.1169B. doi:10.1038/1741169a0. PMID 13223773. S2CID 4207158.
  6. ^ Glusker, Jenny P. (1994). "Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin (1910–1994)". Protein Science. 3 (12): 2465–2469. doi:10.1002/pro.5560031233. PMC 2142778. PMID 7757003.
  7. ^ Nicolaou, K. C.; Sorensen, E. J. (1996). Classics in Total Synthesis: Targets, Strategies, Methods. Wiley. ISBN 978-3-527-29231-8.
  8. ^ Nicolaou, K. C.; Vourloumis, Dionisios; Winssinger, Nicolas; Baran, Phil S. (2000). "The Art and Science of Total Synthesis at the Dawn of the Twenty-First Century". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 39 (1): 44–122.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ Bonjoch, Josep; Sole, Daniel (2000). "Synthesis of Strychnine". Chemical Reviews. 100 (9): 3455–3482. doi:10.1021/cr9902547. PMID 11777429.
  10. ^ Proudfoot, John R. (2013). "Reaction Schemes Visualized in Network Form: The Syntheses of Strychnine as an Example". Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. 53 (5): 1035–1042. doi:10.1021/ci300556b. PMID 23597302.
  11. ^ Irvine, M. M. (2001). "Early Digital Computers at Bell Telephone Laboratories". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 23 (3): 22–42. doi:10.1109/85.948904. Retrieved June 7, 2009.
  12. ^ "Benstonite". Mindat. Retrieved December 31, 2012.
  13. ^ No. 2,950,048.
  14. ^ Roth, K. F. (1954). "On irregularities of distribution". Mathematika. 1 (2): 73–79. doi:10.1112/S0025579300000541. MR 0066435.
  15. ^ Doll, Richard (1955). "Mortality from lung cancer in asbestos workers". British Journal of Industrial Medicine. 12 (6): 81–6. doi:10.1136/oem.50.6.485. PMC 1035472. PMID 8329311.
  16. ^ "Donor Of First Successful Organ Transplant Dies 56 Years Later". The Huffington Post. December 29, 2010. Retrieved March 15, 2011.
  17. ^ Stämpfli, R. (1954). "A new method for measuring membrane potentials with external electrodes". Experientia. 10 (12): 508–509. doi:10.1007/BF02166189. PMID 14353097. S2CID 41384989.
  18. ^ Akert, K. (August 1996). Swiss Contributions to the Neurosciences in Four Hundred Years: From the Renaissance to the Present. Verlag der Fachvereine Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH Zurich. ISBN 978-3728123626.
  19. ^ Hopkins, H. H.; Kapany, N. S. (1954). "A flexible fibrescope, using static scanning". Nature. 173 (4392): 39. Bibcode:1954Natur.173...39H. doi:10.1038/173039b0. S2CID 4275331.
  20. ^ "1954: foundations for European science". CERN. 2008. Retrieved February 28, 2011.
  21. ^ Sherif, M.; Harvey, O. J.; White, B. J.; Hood, W.; Sherif, C. W. (1961). Intergroup Conflict and Cooperation: The Robbers Cave Experiment. Norman, Oklahoma: University Book Exchange.
  22. ^ "Nuclear Power in Russia". World Nuclear Association. December 2011. Archived from the original on February 13, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  23. ^ U.S. patent 2,682,235.
  24. ^ Bundy, F. P.; Hall, H. T.; Strong, H. M.; Wentorf, R. H. (1955). "Man-made diamonds" (PDF). Nature. 176 (4471): 51–55. Bibcode:1955Natur.176...51B. doi:10.1038/176051a0. S2CID 4266566. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 8, 2014.
  25. ^ "Sir William Hamilton OBE". HamiltonJet. 2007. Retrieved November 12, 2012.
  26. ^ "Sixty years of the Federal Republic of Germany – a retrospective of everyday life". Archived from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved December 28, 2002.
  27. ^ "Staley McBrayer, 92; Inventor of Offset Press for Newspaper Printing". Los Angeles Times. April 18, 2002. Retrieved October 19, 2017.
  28. ^ "Press release: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022" (Press release). The Nobel Prize. October 5, 2022. Retrieved October 6, 2022.
  29. ^ "Alan Turing | Biography, Facts, & Education". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved February 14, 2020.