Jump to content

HP ScanJet

Add links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Scanjet)
ScanJet
ScanJet 8200
Manufacturer
IntroducedMarch 1987; 37 years ago (1987-03)
TypeImage scanner (flatbed, sheetfed)
Connection
Dots per inch300–4800

ScanJet is a line of desktop flatbed and sheetfed image scanners originally sold by Hewlett-Packard (HP), later HP Inc., since 1987. It was the first commercially widespread image scanner on the market, as well as one of the first scanners aimed at the small office/home office market.[1][2] It was originally designed to compliment the company's LaserJet series of laser printers and allow HP to compete in the burgeoning desktop publishing market of the early 1980s. The grayscale-only ScanJet Plus, co-developed with Canon, was a massive commercial success and had a wide influence in scanner design, becoming a de facto standard for the specifications of scanner hardware for almost a decade. Starting in 1991, models of ScanJet were released that could scan in full color.

Models

[edit]

1st generation

[edit]

Hewlett-Packard (HP) developed the first ScanJet in the mid-1980s at their printer division in Boise, Idaho.[3][4] The ScanJet was released in March 1987,[5] as a compliment to their LaserJet series, which was the first commercially successful line of laser printers ever released,[6] introduced in 1984 and also developed at Boise.[4][5] The ScanJet was developed to round out the company's desktop publishing products; desktop publishing was a nascent industry at the time, for which HP had a printing device, the LaserJet, but no imaging device to pair with it.[7]

The original ScanJet has a 8.5-by-13-inch platen and is capable of scanning at a maximum resolution of 300 dpi in 4-bit grayscale (16 shades of gray).[8][9] The original ScanJet has an internal raster image processor (RIP), controlled by software, capable of outputting the scan to the computer in raw 4-bit grayscale, in halftone dither, or in 1-bit monochrome.[8][10] HP sold the original ScanJet with an optional automatic document feeder (ADF) attachment, intended for scanning multiple-page documents rapdily; the ADF attachment supports up to legal-sized documents.[9][11] Customers were forced to buy a proprietary interface card that allowed the ScanJet to connect to an IBM PC or compatible desktop computer for nearly US$500 extra.[8] HP initially targeted the ScanJet for the PC platform only,[12] but in June 1988, the company released driver software and an application suite for the Macintosh platform supporting the ScanJet.[13]

ScanJet Plus

[edit]

The original ScanJet sold very well for HP,[12] with PC Week calling it a "mammoth succes[s]" six months after its inital release.[14] By the beginning of 1988, the ScanJet had accounted 27 percent of all scanner sales in terms of dollar volume, per Gartner Dataquest.[15] Canon's IX-12 had heretofore been the most popular scanner for the PC platform, but by 1989 the ScanJet had caught up in terms of sales and third-party software support.[9] That year, Canon and HP collaborated on the design for the follow-up ScanJet Plus, released in February 1989.[16][17] The scanning engine of the ScanJet Plus reused Canon's design for the IX-30F, while Hewlett-Packard designed the rest of the hardware as well as the support software.[18]: 314  The ScanJet bumped the bit depth up to 8-bit, or 256 shades of gray, while retaining the 300 dpi maximum resolution of its predecessor; like the original ScanJet, the ScanJet Plus also sold with an optional ADF attachment.[19]

The ScanJet Plus had exceptional market uptake and was widely praised in the technology press.[20] It was the first mass-marketed grayscale scanner for desktop computers and brought the cost of the average scanner down from the multiple thousands of dollars to the sub-$2000 range.[1][17] By 1991, the ScanJet Plus had become a de facto standard for scanner hardware, with new competing scanners boasting compatibility with the ScanJet Plus (in terms of feature set and API commands sent to DOS and Windows software).[18]: 314 [21] ScanJet Plus–compatibility would remain the lowest-common denominator for numerous scanners on the market for nearly a decade, until the maturation of the TWAIN API for scanners occured in the late 1990s.[22]: 40  Even by 1996, the ScanJet Plus remained popular on the reseller market.[23]: 64 

ScanJet IIc, IIcx

[edit]
ScanJet IIc with its lid closed. The ScanJet IIc was the first ScanJet capable of scanning in color.
Top view of a ScanJet IIcx

In 1990, HP moved research and development of the ScanJet from Boise to Greeley, Colorado.[3][24] There, the company developed the ScanJet IIc, the first ScanJet capable of scanning in color, released in August 1991.[19] The ScanJet IIc is capable of scanning up to 24-bit color (about 16.7 million colors) at 400 dpi and has a platen capable of scanning legal paper–sized documents natively on the platen.[25][26] The ScanJet IIc natively supports both the Mac and the PC and has connectors for both 25-pin and 50-pin SCSI interfaces.[26] The scanner's RIP is capable of outputing full 24-bit color to the computer, or it can output 1-bit monochrome, 8-bit grayscale, spot color, 8-bit color, and halftones in both color and monochrome.[25] HP sold an optional ADF for the ScanJet IIc.[27]: 234 

Unlike the ScanJet Plus, the ScanJet IIc's scanning engine, as well as its charge-coupled device (CCD) imaging sensor, were designed entirely in-house at HP by a team of dozens.[28] The ScanJet IIc uses an imaging sensor with three linear CCDs to scan a color image in one pass, illuminating the page with two flourescent tube lamps.[29] Each CCD receives red, green, and blue color information separately using an optical focusing system that focuses the illuminated page onto two dichroic filters, which splits the image into the three color components that are read separately by each of the CCDs.[30][31] The CCD is refreshed periodically to eliminate low-pass filtering at the scanner's native 400 dpi and increases vertical resolution. When scanning at lower resolutions, however, the sensor traverses the page at a faster rate, inducing a slight low-pass filter over the image (in an analog fashion) and eliminating aliasing effects on half-tone images, a beneficial side-effect when scanning halftone-printed originals. The simple linear interpolation of the ScanJet's RIP for producing scans in non-integer scalings of 400 dpi does produce aliasing artifacts when scanning certain halftone originals, however.[31] In addition, when scanning at resolutions higher than 150 dpi, the ScanJet IIc may send data up to 600 KB per second, which on contempraneous personal computers was a data rate too fast for their disk buffers to handle. Thus, HP designed the ScanJet IIC's stepper motor drive system to occasionally stop the imaging sensor in place and ratchet it back several millimeters to allow for the disk buffer to clear and the scan to restart.[25][32] The ratcheting motion prevents gaps and other distortions in the final output by accounting for the inertia of the image sesnsor suddenly stopping in place.[25]

In November 1993,[19] HP introduced the ScanJet IIcx, their replacement for the IIc, featuring a faster stepper motor drive assembly that scans images in grayscale mode at nearly twice the speed of the IIc; the speed of color scans remains the same, however. It was also HP's first ScanJet to ship with an optional transparency adapter, used for scanning slides and film negatives. HP offered the same optional ADF of the IIc for the IIcx; the transparency adapter option was however exclusive to the IIcx and is not backwards-compatible with older ScanJets.[33][34][35]: 270 

ScanJet IIp, 3p

[edit]

In March 1992, HP introduced the ScanJet IIp, a compact and lower-cost version of the ScanJet Plus that served as its direct replacement.[36] It was one of the first scanners on the market to support the TWAIN API, for which Hewlett-Packard was a principal author (as part of the TWAIN Working Group). Like the ScanJet Plus, the ScanJet IIp scans up to 300 dpi natively at up to 8-bit grayscale; alternatively it can output 600 dpi, interpolated from 300 dpi. However, its platen is slightly smaller than the ScanJet Plus', at 8.5 by 11.7 inches, in order to accommodate the smaller chassis.[37] HP bundled the ScanJet IIp with a trial version of Caere's OmniPage, an optical character recognition (OCR) software package. HP collaborated with Caere to fine-tune OmniPage to support HP's new AccuPage algorithms for aiding in OCR. AccuPage comprised an adaptive thresholding filter for improved text detection and a model for detecting columns and tabular data, ensuring the proper flow of text in the resulting OCR text file. AccuPage was later backported to the ScanJet IIc and made an open standard for other OCR vendors to license.[36][38] In October 1994, HP replaced the ScanJet IIp with the ScanJet 3p, capable of scanning twice as fast as the ScanJet IIp at the same resolutions.[39] An optional ADF was available for both the IIp and the 3p.[19][40]

ScanJet 3c, 4c, 4p

[edit]
ScanJet 4c with the optional automatic document feeder (ADF)

HP replaced the ScanJet IIcx with the ScanJet 3c in April 1995.[19][41] The ScanJet 3c doubled the scanning speed over the ScanJet IIcx while boosting the maximum color bit depth to 30 bits (over 1 billion colors) and the maximum grayscale bit depth to 10 bits (1024 shades of gray). This boost in bit depth aids in post-processing of images; for example, it allows the user to pull out detail from shadows in dark photographic prints while reducing banding.[42] It was the cheapest scanner on the market to scan in 30-bit color at the time of its release.[41] The ScanJet 3c also increased the maximum native resolution of the scanning element to 600 dpi.[42][43] The ScanJet's hardware PDI is capable of upscaling the 600-dpi image to simulate up to 4800 dpi. Like the IIcx, the ScanJet 3c supports an aftermarket ADF and transparency adapter.[42] The ScanJet 3c received a minor update in the form of the ScanJet 4c in November 1995.[44][45] It was virtually identical to the 3c, with the bundled DeskScan II scanner control and raster editor application updated for greater Windows 95 support.[45][46] A cost-reduced version of the ScanJet 4c, the ScanJet 4p, was released in March 1996. It was limited to a maximum resolution of 300 dpi and a maximum color bit depth of 24 bits.[19][47] The ScanJet 4c was sold as the ScanJet 4cse at retailers.[48]

Development of the ScanJet 3c was an involved process, requiring tweaking the sizes of each of the three-strip CCD sensor to correct for chromatic aberration caused by uneven path lengths of the filtered red, green, and blue beams of light as they bounce off the mirrors of the optical assembly. HP also had to design and manufacture a bespoke fluorescent tube with three specific phosphors that radiate even, controlled amounts of red, green, and blue light. Late in the development of the 3c, the development team was forced to add a large metal plate to the bottom of the scanner acting as a charge sink to eliminate electrostatic discharge that was causing the scanner's SCSI bus to crash and reset.[46]

ScanJet 4s, 4si

[edit]

Along with the ScanJet 4c, HP also introduced the ScanJet 4s and the ScanJet 4si in November 1995.[44] These models of ScanJet were HP's first standalone sheetfed scanners that the company had released.[49] The ScanJet 4s was a rebadge of Visioneer's PaperPort scanner, which was a low-cost, slimline sheetfed unit. The ScanJet 4s had a limited feature set compared to the PaperPort but was less expensive.[50] The ScanJet 4si on the other hand was an original HP design. It was a networked scanner, designed to plug into a Ethernet router to send scans across a local area network through a NetWare server. The ScanJet 4si had a front-panel LCD for sending scans directly to a system on the network.[44] The ScanJet 4si was also capable of connecting to a fax modem to send out scans as faxes, although it was incapable of receiving faxes.[51]

ScanJet 5p

[edit]
ScanJet 5p

HP replaced the ScanJet 4p with the ScanJet 5p (sold as the ScanJet 5pse at retailers[52]) in January 1997.[53] It was sold alongside the ScanJet 4c as a budget offering. To that end, the ScanJet 5p was only capable of scanning up to 300 dpi and up to 8-bit color, exactly like its predecessor.[54]: 174–176  The ScanJet 5p featured a redesigned chassis, with the addition of a scan button toward the front of the case that launches the bundled PictureScan software and can be set up to initiate a scan without further user intervention.[55][52] HP did not offer an ADF or a transparency scanner as options for the ScanJet 5p, however, because of its budget stature.[54][55]

The ScanJet 5p originally shipped with a buggy TWAIN driver that caused scans within certain image editors such as Photoshop to slow dramatically compared to scans within HP's DeskJet software. The company later issued a patched driver on their website.[55]

The ScanJet 5p contains a hardware easter egg. On a cold power-on, holding down the scan button when the SCSI ID selector on the back is set to "0" will cause the ScanJet to play a rendition of Schiller's "Ode to Joy", by modulating the speed of the audible stepper motor drive to produce specific pitches.[56][57]

Later models

[edit]
  • ScanJet 200
  • ScanJet 2200c
  • ScanJet 2400
  • ScanJet 3300c
  • ScanJet 3500c
  • ScanJet 3670
  • ScanJet 3770
  • ScanJet 3970
  • ScanJet 4070
  • ScanJet 4100c
  • ScanJet 4370
  • ScanJet 4400c
  • ScanJet 4570c
  • ScanJet 5100c
  • ScanJet 5200c
  • ScanJet 5300c
  • ScanJet 5370c[2]
  • ScanJet 5470c
  • ScanJet 5530
  • ScanJet 5550c
  • ScanJet 5590
  • ScanJet 5670
  • ScanJet 6100c
  • ScanJet 6200c
  • ScanJet 6250c
  • ScanJet 6300c
  • ScanJet 7400c
  • ScanJet 7650
  • ScanJet 8200
  • ScanJet 8250
  • ScanJet 8270
  • ScanJet 8290
  • ScanJet 8350
  • ScanJet Enterprise Flow 5000 s2
  • ScanJet Enterprise Flow 5000 s4
  • ScanJet Enterprise Flow 7000 s2
  • ScanJet Enterprise Flow 7000 s3
  • ScanJet G2410
  • ScanJet G3110
  • ScanJet G4010
  • ScanJet G4050
  • ScanJet N6310
  • ScanJet N6350
  • ScanJet N8460
  • ScanJet Pro 1000 Mobile
  • ScanJet Pro 2000 s1
  • ScanJet Pro 3000 s3

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Peripheral Visions". Computer Buyer's Guide and Handbook. 12 (8). Computer Information Publishing: 33–47. August 1994 – via Google Books.
  2. ^ a b Williams, Simon (September 5, 2001). "Hewlett-Packard ScanJet 5370C". ZDNET. Ziff-Davis. Archived from the original on April 16, 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Division name: Boise". HP Computer Museum. WordSong Communications. 2010. Archived from the original on July 19, 2011.
  4. ^ a b Beeler, Jeffrey (March 2, 1987). "HP revamps LaserJet Plus, adds high-end unit". Computerworld. XXI (9). CW Communications: 4 – via Google Books.
  5. ^ a b Bridges, Linda (August 11, 1987). "HP's imaging software for ScanJet due out next month". PC Week. 4 (32). Ziff-Davis: 11 – via Gale.
  6. ^ Staff writer (August 1989). "Hewlett-Packard ScanJet Plus". Which Computer?. EMAP Media: 61 et seq. – via Gale.
  7. ^ Schuster, Jonathan (June 16, 1987). "Scanner market prognosis is healthy growth". PC Week. 4 (24). Ziff-Davis: 108 et seq. – via Gale.
  8. ^ a b c David, Stephen Randy (October 13, 1987). "HP ScanJet". PC Magazine. 6 (17). Ziff-Davis: 251–252 – via Google Books.
  9. ^ a b c Rose, Philip F. H. (March 28, 1989). "Hewlett Packard Co". PC Magazine. 8 (6). Ziff-Davis: 222, 226 – via Google Books.
  10. ^ Staff writers (October 13, 1987). "Summary of Features: Graphics-Only Scanners". PC Magazine. 6 (17). Ziff-Davis: 218–225 – via Google Books.
  11. ^ Bridges, Linda (March 3, 1987). "New HP laser printer compact, less expensive". PC Week. 4 (9). Ziff-Davis: 1 et seq. – via Gale.
  12. ^ a b Deagon, Brian (May 1, 1988). "Optical scanners: Patience has finally paid off". Electronic Business. 14 (9). Reed Business Information: 93 et seq. – via Gale.
  13. ^ DuBlois, Peggy (June 7, 1988). "HP to release kit for scanning images on a Mac". PC Week. 5 (23). Ziff-Davis: 4 – via Gale.
  14. ^ Pepper, Jon (October 27, 1987). "HP portables impressive, but not flawless". PC Week. 4 (43). Ziff-Davis: 119 et seq. – via Gale.
  15. ^ Bannister, Hank (January 12, 1988). "Mac market proving receptive to scanner use". PC Week. 5 (2). Ziff-Davis: 94 et seq. – via Gale.
  16. ^ Chin-Leong, Kathy (March 1989). "Hewlett-Packard Unwraps the ScanJet Plus". PC/Computing. 2 (3). Ziff-Davis: 37 – via Gale.
  17. ^ a b Dickman, Chris; Salvatore Parascandolo; Steve Roth (1990). ScanJet Unlimited. Peachpit Press. pp. iii–iv. ISBN 9780938151098 – via the Internet Archive.
  18. ^ a b Pastrick, Greg (August 1991). "Nine Gray-Scale Workhorses". PC Magazine. 10 (14). Ziff-Davis: 307–358 – via Google Books.
  19. ^ a b c d e f Day, Jerry (1997). Color Scanning Handbook: Your Guide to Hewlett-Packard ScanJet Color Scanners. Prentice Hall. pp. 18–20. ISBN 9780133572117 – via Google Books.
  20. ^ Welsch, Erwin K. (May 1990). "The best of '89 from the microcomputer press: Significant DOS hardware and software". Computers in Libraries. 10 (5). Information Today: 13 et seq. – via Gale.
  21. ^ Staff writer (May 14, 1990). "AVR scanner boasts ScanJet compatibility at competitive price". PC Week. 7 (19). Ziff-Davis: 20 – via Gale.
  22. ^ Marshall, Gregg (February 1997). "Low-cost Scanning Options: Part 2". Agency Sales. 27 (2). Manufacturers' Agents National Association: 40–43 – via ProQuest.
  23. ^ Brownstein, Mark (June 17, 1996). "HP pummels rivals". Computer Reseller News. CMP Publications: 64, 66 – via ProQuest.
  24. ^ Ferguson, Christine (February 26, 1990). "Hewlett-Packard's Other Board". The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company: A8 – via ProQuest.
  25. ^ a b c d Poor, Alfred (October 15, 1991). "HP's Colorful Entry into the Gray World of Scanners". PC Magazine. 10 (17). Ziff-Davis: 35, 37 – via Google Books.
  26. ^ a b Benson, Eric (November 5, 1991). "ScanJet IIc brightens HP line". MacWeek. 5 (38). IDG Publications: 45 et seq. – via Gale.
  27. ^ Diehl, Stanford; David L. Edwards (July 1992). "Scanning the Spectrum". Byte. 17 (7). McGraw-Hill: 230–242 – via the Internet Archive.
  28. ^ Gennetten, K. Douglas; Michael J. Steinle (August 1993). "Designing a Scanner with Color Vision" (PDF). Hewlett-Packard Journal. 44 (4). Hewlett-Packard Company: 52–58. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 16, 2012.
  29. ^ Poor, Alfred (January 14, 1992). "The Best of 1991: HP ScanJet IIc". PC Magazine. 11 (1). Ziff-Davis: 144 – via Google Books.
  30. ^ Cawkell, Tony (2003). The Multimedia Handbook. Taylor & Francis. p. 28. ISBN 9781134777105 – via Google Books.
  31. ^ a b Liu, X.; R. Ehrich (July 2000). "Analysis of moire patterns in non-uniformly sampled halftones". Image and Vision Computing. 18 (10). Elsevier Science: 843–848. doi:10.1016/S0262-8856(99)00083-9 – via ScienceDirect.
  32. ^ Thompson, Tom (October 1991). "Affordable Full-Color Scanning". Byte. 16 (10). McGraw-Hill: 46, 48 – via the Internet Archive.
  33. ^ Martin, James A. (January 1994). "Hewlett-Packard to ship a better ScanJet". Macworld. 11 (1). IDG Communications: 117 – via Gale.
  34. ^ Borzo, Jeanette (November 1, 1993). "HP speeds up scanning, lowers price with ScanJet IIcx". InfoWorld. 15 (44). IDG Publications: 35 – via Gale.
  35. ^ Grotta, Daniel (February 8, 1994). "Color Desktop Scanners: In Living Color". PC Magazine. 13 (3). Ziff-Davis: 245–274 – via Google Books.
  36. ^ a b Schroeder, Eric (March 2, 1992). "HP, Caere to mate OCR software, scanner". PC Week. 9 (9). Ziff-Davis: 37 et seq. – via Gale.
  37. ^ Jones, Mitt (May 26, 1992). "HP's $1,295 ScanJet IIp Sets New Scanner Standard". PC Magazine. 11 (10). Ziff-Davis: 46 – via Google Books.
  38. ^ Mendelson, Edward (July 1992). "AccuPage and AnyPage: Two Technologies for Better OCR". PC Magazine. 11 (13). Ziff-Davis: 292 – via Google Books.
  39. ^ Glentworth, Jane (October 5, 1994). "HP ships fastest ever workgroup LaserJets". PC User. 244. EMAP Media: 10 – via Gale.
  40. ^ Valiulis, Dave (November 1992). "OmniPage Direct and ScanJet IIp". MacUser. 8 (11). IDG Communications: 75 et seq. – via Gale.
  41. ^ a b Quinlan, Tom (April 24, 1995). "HP scanner doubles speed". InfoWorld. 17 (17). IDG Publications: 8 – via Gale.
  42. ^ a b c White, Myles (July 27, 1995). "Color scanning hits a new level". The Toronto Star: B2 – via ProQuest.
  43. ^ Miastkowski, Stan (June 1995). "HP ScanJet 3c sets new highs for color scanners". PC World. 13 (6). IDG Publications: 82 – via Gale.
  44. ^ a b c Quinlan, Tom (November 13, 1995). "HP enhances ScanJet scanner line". InfoWorld. 17 (46). IDG Publications: 35 – via Gale.
  45. ^ a b O'Malley, Chris (August 1996). "The future of color scanning". Computer Shopper. 16 (8). SX2 Media Labs: 442 – via Gale.
  46. ^ a b Webb, Steven L.; Kevin J. Youngers; Michael J. Steinle; Joe A. Eccher (February 1997). "Design of a 600-Pixel-per-Inch, 30-Bit Color Scanner" (PDF). Hewlett-Packard Journal. 48 (1). Hewlett-Packard Company: 54–61. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 7, 2003.
  47. ^ DeMocker, Judy (March 25, 1996). "HP, Apple flatbed scanners share resolution, color, cost". InfoWorld. 18 (13). IDG Publications: 33 – via Gale.
  48. ^ Grunin, Lori (August 1997). "HP finally goes NT". Windows Sources. 5 (8). Ziff-Davis: 144 – via Gale.
  49. ^ Staff writer (January 1996). "This Family Scans Together". Windows Magazine. 7 (1). CMP Publications: 78 – via Google Books.
  50. ^ Mossburg, Walter S. (November 9, 1995). "Contact Customers Make Campaign Fliers, Do Desktop Publishing". The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company: B1 – via ProQuest.
  51. ^ Bliss, Jeff (February 10, 1997). "HP ready to ship scanner that faxes". Computer Reseller News (722). CMP Publications: 12 – via ProQuest.
  52. ^ a b Jantz, Richard (April 1997). "HP ScanJet 5pse: Easy fit, easy to use". PC World. 15 (4). IDG Publications: 88 – via Gale.
  53. ^ Staff writer (January 20, 1997). "Pipeline". InfoWorld. 19 (3). IDG Communications: 21 – via Gale.
  54. ^ a b Stone, M. David (March 4, 1997). "Capture the Color". PC Magazine. 16 (5). Ziff-Davis: 163–200 – via Google Books.
  55. ^ a b c Steinberg, Gene (April 1997). "HP ScanJet 5p". MacWorld. 14 (4). IDG Publications: 50 – via Gale.
  56. ^ Bombay, Emilio (October 29, 1998). "Have your eyes checked, too". Fort Worth Star-Telegram: 3 – via ProQuest.
  57. ^ Colvey, Scott (April 25, 2000). "How you can crack the Easter egg codes". Evening Standard: 55 – via ProQuest.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HP_ScanJet&oldid=1243760249"